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From: Marko_Mäkelä
Date: 2002-01-15
Subject: Re: NTSC
On Tue, 15 Jan 2002, [ISO-8859-2] Grósz Attila wrote:

> Can anyone specify on what exactly the NTSC machines
> differ from the PAL ones. As far as I guess:

The 264 series is a bit different from other Commodores, since the TED knows both PAL and NTSC.

> - oscillator frequency
> - screen size
> - screen refresh frequency
> - color codes

You forgot the firmware from the list. In the C64 and C128, the firmware recognizes whether the system is PAL or NTSC, but in the 264 series, the firmware configures the TED for either PAL or NTSC. In order to run NTSC software on a PAL C16/C116/plus4, you need to replace the firmware and the crystal (which is 17734472 Hz for PAL and 14318181 Hz for NTSC). The bus clock divider (implemented in the TED) is 20 for PAL and 16 for NTSC, if I remember correctly.

Marko

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